Reiki Healing and Mental Health: What the Research Shows 靈氣治療與心理健康:研究結果 By Deborah Bier, PhD 由黛博拉 拜耳博士讀 Healing touch therapies, the best known being Reiki (pronounced RAY-key), are ancient practices in increasingly wide use today. 觸摸療法就是大家熟知的“靈氣”，目前已受到廣泛的運用，其實這是古老就有的一種做法。 According to the International Association of Reiki Professionals (IARP), “Reiki is [a] subtle and effective form of energy healing using spiritually guided life force energy… [p]racticed in every country of the world.” While often considered to be spiritual in nature, Reiki is not “[a]ffiliated with any particular religion or religious practice.” 根據國際靈氣專家協會 (IARP) 說明，“靈氣”是一種運用精神導引生命強大能量的一種微妙和有 效的能量治療型式，而這種作為已在世界上普遍運用。雖然本質上經常被認為精神層面，但“靈氣” 並不與任何特定的宗教或宗教作為有關。 Reiki is increasingly offered in hospital, hospice, and private practice settings, applied to a variety of illnesses and conditions. Those who receive such treatments report relief of symptoms from numerous health challenges, including mental health issues. Research shows that reiki primarily helps in the reduction of stress, anxiety and depression, as well as relief of chronic pain — the last of which can bring on anxiety and depression, or make episodes worse. 有越來越多的醫院、臨終病房還有私人開設的設施為各種不同的疾病及狀況提供靈氣治療。受到這 類治療的人員供稱對於很多複雜的健康問題及心理健康方面的症狀得到舒緩，研究顯示，靈氣主要 有助於減少壓力、緊張和沮喪，同時對於慢性疼痛也很有效。因為慢性疼痛通常就伴隨著緊張、沮 喪或是讓症狀更加嚴重。 Many Studies, Varying Quality 很多研究，不同的品質 There are now sufficient peer-reviewed, published research results available to begin to sort out Reiki’s effectiveness in various areas. The Center for Reiki Research has intensively examined a group of them through their “Touchstone Process,” “…a uniquely rigorous peer review method for analyzing a group of scientific studies” [using Reiki]. Its end product is a set of critical summaries derived from an impartial and consistent process…. [T]he process incorporates existing best practices for scientific review…” (CRR) 現在已經有足夠的同行評議及發佈的研究結果可以開始在各個領域中對靈氣的有效性進行分析，靈 氣研究中心（ＣＲＲ）已密集的透過“試金石過程”來檢視他們。這套試金石標準是利用“靈氣” 且用特別嚴格的同行評析法來分析一組科學的研究。所得到結果是經由不偏頗且一致性的程序所產 生的。這過程可作為科學評論分析的最佳方法。 This process looks at all aspects of the study design and how each investigation was actually carried out. Results are analyzed, and study strengths and weaknesses are determined. The Touchstone Process has produced a group of nearly three dozen carefully analyzed studies. The CRR draws some conclusions about Reiki’s effectiveness from only the studies they have examined that they judge to be of at least satisfactory or better quality. (CRR) 這個過程著眼于研究設計的各個方面，以及每個檢驗是如何執行。所有結論都有分析，同時考量各 個優缺點。試金石過程已產生了一組幾乎有三打左右經過小心分析研究的群組。靈氣研究中心（Ｃ ＲＲ）對靈氣效用的一些結論都是經由他們檢驗及判斷且認為合理的且可接受的檢驗品質後所得到的。 In addition to the CRR/Touchstone studies, a varied body of research on Reiki demonstrates its effect on mental health. For example, Joe Potter, a Reiki Master in the United Kingdom, has been conducting an ongoing investigation into Reiki’s effectiveness. An online search in PubMed lists dozens of studies involving Reiki or other healing touch methods, investigating a broad range of conditions in many different populations. 除了靈氣研究中心（ＣＲＲ）/試金石研究，也有很多靈氣研究機構宣稱靈氣對心理健康是有影響。 例如，在英國的靈氣大師 Joe Potter，一直在對靈氣的功效進行研究。查尋 PubMed (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/)，就會列出數以百計關於靈氣或觸摸療法的研究。這些研究 都廣泛調查了許多不同族群。 Some investigations were conducted on animals, which helps eliminate some questions of bias and design control among Reiki recipients. Some studies used “sham” Reiki as a form of control (nonpractitioners administered a “Reiki-like” treatment), and others involved distance Reiki (Reiki delivered from too far away to permit touch). Each of these variables lends something importing to understanding the efficacy of the treatment itself. 有些調查是針對動物進行，這是為了排除因為不同的靈氣接受者的設計控制及所產生的偏差問題。 一些研究使用“假”靈氣作為一種控制型式（如一些不是正式開業的人進行“靈氣般的”治療）， 和其他遠端靈氣（由遠端提供靈氣，以確保不是用碰觸方式進行）每一個變數都是為了讓人了解治 療本身的功效。 Demonstrated Effects on Stress, Depression, Anxiety and Pain 在壓力、沮喪、緊張和疼痛上的顯現的效果 Potter reports that “[s]tress was the most common word written by clients as a description or part description of their condition during their first session. Here 20.27% of the total client group treated used this word on their initial visit for Reiki treatment….” In animal studies, Reiki treatment produced clear signs of reduced stress as indicated by changes in autonomic, biological measurements such as heart rate (Baldwin, Wagers and Schwartz, 2008) and certain cellular signs of stress-related damage (Baldwin and Schwartz, 2006). In a study of nurses with “burn out syndrome,” biological indicators of a significant relaxation response were found as a result of Reiki treatment (Diaz-Rodriguez et al., 2011). When nurses administered Reiki to a group of patients with acute coronary syndrome, physiologic indicators of a significant relaxation effect were recorded. (Friedman et al., 2011) Potter 報告中提到，壓力是在第一次對談時，客戶最常提到的字。有 20.27% 客戶在首次的靈氣治 療時使用“壓力”這字。在動物研究中，靈氣治療有很明顯的壓力減少的跡象，這些跡象都是自主 改變，像心跳的生物測量（Baldwin, Wagers and Schwartz,2008），及與壓力有關的細胞損害的跡象 來判斷（Baldwin and Schwartz,2006）。在一項有“過勞症”護士的研究中，透過靈氣治療，發現了 明顯的放鬆的生物指標反應。（Diaz-Rodriguez et al,2011）當護士對一組急性冠狀動脈綜合症患者 進行靈氣治療時，也有了顯著的放鬆效應的生理指標（Friedman et al., 2011)。 Shore (2004) followed patients being treated for mild depression and stress. After six weeks of treatment and for up to a year afterward, those who had received Reiki showed both immediate and long-term improvements in depression, stress and hopelessness. In a small study, complete elimination of typical postoperative depression was seen in heart surgery patients given Reiki during surgery. (Motz, 1998) Shore（2004） 隨訪患者治療輕度沮喪症和壓力。經過六周的治療和長達一年之後，那些接受靈氣 治療在抑鬱症，壓力和絕望方面都有立即和長期的改善。在一個小型的研究中，給心臟手術患者在 手術時提供靈氣，能完全消除典型的術後沮喪症。 （Motz,1998） Pain often causes depression and anxiety. Reducing difficult-to-treat chronic pain can have a substantial effect on psychological well-being. Some studies have found Reiki to be effective for pain, anxiety and depression relief. However, their design or conclusions are unclear as to whether Reiki’s emotional benefits were a result of pain reduction or a separate phenomenon. Nonetheless, research demonstrated Reiki’s positive results for both pain and anxiety or depression. 疼痛常引起沮喪和焦慮，所以降低很難治療的慢性疼痛對心理健康有很大的影響。一些研究已發現 靈氣對疼痛，焦慮和沮喪症的舒緩是有效的。 然而，他們的設計或結論仍無法確認是否靈氣的情 感好處是減輕疼痛的結果還是個別的現象。儘管如此，研究顯示無論是疼痛和焦慮或沮喪症，靈氣 都有正面的效果。 Dressing and Sing (1998) found that among cancer patients, Reiki brought about significant levels of pain relief, anxiety and depression reduction, improvements in sleep quality, relaxation and general well-being. This effect was stronger in men than women. These benefits remained when checked after three months. Among abdominal hysterectomy patients, Reiki helped reduce pain and anxiety, particularly in a preoperative setting (Vitale and O’Conner, 1998). Dressing and Sing （1998）發現，在癌症患者中，靈氣給予了相當程度的疼痛緩解，降低焦慮和沮 喪，也改改善了在睡眠品質，放鬆和一些好處。男性比女性來得顯著。這些好處三個月後仍然存在。 在腹式子宮切除術患者中，特別是在術前的處置上，靈氣有助於減少疼痛和焦慮（Vitale and O’Conner,1998） Investigating Effects of Gentle Touch, Distance 檢視輕觸和距離的效果 Research shows that gentle touch in a safe environment aids stress reduction and pain relief (for example, Weze et al., 2005). Since Reiki generally involves a similar type of touch, the results of Reiki studies often can be confounded by the known impact of gentle touch vs. the effects of Reiki itself. Studies that include sham Reiki treatment groups, as well as those that involve a distance Reiki group, have been important to help sort out the relative effects of Reiki versus gentle touch – or even the effects of the presence of a “therapist,” real or sham. 研究顯示，在安全的環境中，溫和的觸摸有助於減輕壓力和疼痛（例如， Weze et al.,2005）。由於 靈氣通常涉及類似的觸摸，靈氣研究的結果往往會讓人搞不清楚是温和觸摸的影響還是靈氣本身的 效用。所以包括假靈氣治療組，以及遠端靈氣組的研究對於靈氣與溫和觸摸的相對效果的分析就很 重要。另外也用有沒有“治療師”的影響，來判定真或假。 Reiki is becoming an increasingly accepted presence in hospitals and clinics. (The Center for Reiki Research website lists 70 institutions at the time of this article that include Reiki in their offerings.) It is seen as an effective and cost-reducing method to improve health outcomes and quality of care. Hospital staff, such as physicians and nurses, are adding Reiki treatments to their work. Scientific validation of Reiki’s effectiveness have helped bring this method to the mainstream, where it is able to aid patients in all realms, including those with mental health challenges. 靈氣已被越來越多的醫院和診所接受，(在發表這文章的時候，靈氣研究中心網站列出了 70 個提供 靈氣的機構)。它被視為一種改善健康和護理品質有效和降低成本的方法，醫院的工作人員，如醫 生和護士，在處置患者上也正在增加運用靈氣治療。科學驗證靈氣的有效性，已把這個方法推向主 流，讓所有領域的病人及那些複雜的健康問題得到幫助。 References 引用 Baldwin, A. L.. Reiki, the Scientific Evidence. (Fall, 2011). pp. 29-31. Baldwin, A.L., Schwartz, G.E. (2006). Personal Interaction with a Reiki Practitioner Decreases Noise-Induced Microvascular Damage in an Animal Model. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 12(1):15–22, 2006. In Center for Reiki Research, Retrieved June 23, 2012, from http://www.centerforreikiresearch.org/ Baldwin, A.L., Wagers, C. and Schwartz, G.E. (2008). Reiki improves heart rate homeostasis in laboratory rats. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 14 (4): 417-422. Retrieved June 23, 2012, from http://www.centerforreikiresearch.org/ Center for Reiki Research (CRR). Retrieved June 23, 2012, from http://www.centerforreikiresearch.org/ Diaz-Rodriguez, L., Arroyo-Morales, M, Fernández-de-las-Peñas, C., García-Lafuente, F., García-Royo, C. and Tomás-Rojas, I. (2011). Immediate effects of Reiki on heart rate variability, cortisol levels, and body temperature in health care professionals with burnout. Biol Res Nurs, 13: 376 originally published online 5 August 2011. In Center for Reiki Research, Retrieved June 23, 2012, from http://www.centerforreikiresearch.org/ Dressin, L.J., Singg, S. (1998). Effects of Reiki on pain and selected affective and personality variables of chronically ill patients. Subtle Energies and Energy Medicine, 9(1):53-82. Friedman, R.S.C., Burg, M.M., Miles, P., Lee, F. and Lampert, R. (2010). Effects of Reiki on Autonomic Activity Early After Acute Coronary Syndrome. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 56: 995-996. In Baldwin, Fall, 2011. International Association of Reiki Professionals (IARP). Definition of Reiki. Retrieved June 22, 2012, from http://www.iarpreiki.org/ Motz, J. (1998). Hands of Life. New York: Bantam Books. Potter, Joe, Research Report, Introduction and General Findings. Retrieved July 21, 2012 from http://www.reiki-research.co.uk/ PubMed. Retrieved July 24, 2012 from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed Shore, A.G. (2004). Long term effects of energetic healing on symptoms of psychological depression and self-perceived stress. Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine, 10(3):42-48. Vitale, A.T., O’Conner, P.C. (1998). The effect of Reiki on pain and anxiety in women with abdominal hysterectomies. Holistic Nursing Practice, 20(6): 263-272, 2006. In Center for Reiki Research, Retrieved June 23, 2012, from http://www.centerforreikiresearch.org/ Weze C, Leathard H.L., Grange J, Tiplady P, Stevens G. (January, 2005). Evaluation of healing by gentle touch. Public Health. 119(1):3-10 Deborah Bier, PhD, has been a holistic psychotherapist and homecare agency director for 25 years. Certified by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts's Office of Elder Affairs and the Massachusetts Alzheimer's Association, she trains dementia caregivers and coaches dementia families. Her particular expertise is in helping multi-generational families apply wellness approaches to managing chronic illness. She holds a doctorate in therapeutic counseling.and is a widely published writer and speaker specializing in health and healing, as well as a Kundalini Reiki Master Teacher. Find her website at www.alzheimers-dementia-tools.com. 分享到 Facebook1.2K分享給 Twitter共用到列印分享給 Facebook 信使共用到更多489 黛博拉 拜耳博士, 一直是一個整體的心理治療師和家庭護理機構主任 25 年。由麻塞諸塞州老年事 務辦公室和麻塞諸塞州阿爾茨海默氏症協會認證, 她訓練癡呆照顧者和教練癡呆家庭。她的專長是 説明代家庭運用健康的方法來管理慢性病。她持有治療諮詢博士學位. 是一個廣泛發表的作家和揚 聲器, 專門從事健康和癒合, 以及一個昆達裡尼靈氣大師教師。在 www.alzheimers-dementia-tools.com中查找她的網站。 查看所有帖子由黛博拉 拜耳→ Related Content from Our Sponsors Powered by Revcontent 作者閱讀更多文章 APA 參考拜耳, D. (2016). 靈氣治療和精神健康: 研究顯示。心理中心。檢索在 2017 年 12 月 9 日, 從 HTTPs://psychcentral.com/lib/reiki-healing-and-mental-health-what-the-research-shows/ 游超羣 譯 |
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